![]() ![]() Grinder, New extraction process for recovery of metals in glass deposits, Linnaeus ECOTECH’14, Kalmar, Sweden, 2014. Seetharaman, The salt extraction process - a novel route for metal extraction Part 2 - Cu/Fe extraction from copper oxide and sulphides, Miner. Seetharaman, The salt extraction process: A novel route for metal extraction Part I - Cr, Fe recovery from EAF slags and low grade chromite ores, Miner. Scheller, Studies of vaporization of chromium from thin slag films at steelmaking temperatures in oxidizing atmosphere, Metall. Volkova, Vaporization of vanadium pentoxide from CaO-SiO 2-VO x slags during alumina dissolution, Metall. Scheller, Vaporization studies from slag surfaces using a thin film technique, Metall. Seetharaman, Oxidation of Fe-V melts under CO 2-O 2 gas mixtures, Metall. Li, Utilization of CO 2 in metallurgical processes in China, Miner. Seetharaman, Evaluation on material and heat balance of EAF processes with introduction of CO 2, J. Wang, Study on experiment and mechanism of bottom blowing CO 2 during the LF refining process, Steel Res. Xu, Influence of CO 2 on the melt temperature of medium and low carbon ferrochrome during refining in converter, China Sciencepaper, 12(2017), No. Xu, Exploratory application of CO 2 in M-LCFeCr production with converter process, Chin. Seetharaman, Decarburization of ferrochrome and high alloy steels with optimized gas and slag phases towards improved Cr retention, J. Seetharaman, Modelling of physico-chemical phenomena between gas inside a bubble and liquid metal during injection of oxidant gas, Int. Seetharaman, Modeling of reactions between gas bubble and molten metal bath-Experimental validation in the case of decarburization of Fe-Cr-C melts, High Temp. Seetharaman, An insight into slag structure from sulphide capacities, Metall. Chou, Raman structure investigations of CaO-MgO-Al 2O 3-SiO 2-CrO x and its correlation with sulfide capacity, Metall. Seetharaman, Experimental studies on the sulfide capacities of CaO-SiO 2-CrO x slags, Metall. Suito, Distribution of vanadium between liquid iron and MgO saturated slags of the system CaO-MgO-FeO x-SiO 2, ISIJ Int., 22(1982), No. Schwerdtfeger, The dependence of the oxidation state of vanadium on the oxygen pressure in melts of VO x, Na 2O-VO x, and CaO-SiO 2-VO x, Metall. Wang, Experimental and Modelling Studies of the Thermophysical and Thermochemical Properties of Some Slag Systems, KTH Sweden, 2009. Richter, Reduction and oxidation equilibria between bivalent and trivalent chromium in liquid basic lime/silica/chromium oxide slags, Arch. O’Neill, A XANES determination of the oxidation state of chromium in silicate glasses, Am. Sano, Activity of chromium oxide and phase relations for the CaO-SiO 2-CrO x system at 1873 K under moderately reducing conditions, Steel Res., 70(1999), No. Holappa, Determination of activities in slags containing chromium oxides, ISIJ Int., 33(1993), No. Muan, Activity-composition relations of chromium oxide in silicate melts at 1500☌ under strongly reducing conditions, J. Wijk, Activity-composition relationships in liquid nickel-chromium alloys, Scand. Wang, Investigations on the Oxidation of Iron-Chromium and Iron-Vanadium Molten Alloys, KTH Sweden, 2010. Seetharaman, Experimental studies on the oxidation states of chromium oxides in slag systems, Metall. ![]() ![]() Seetharaman, Determination of vanadium valence state in CaO-MgO-Al 2O 3-SiO 2 system by high-temperature mass spectrometry, Metall. Seetharaman, Determination of vanadium oxidation states in CaO-MgO-Al 2O 3-SiO 2-VO x system by K edge XANES method, Steel Res. Seetharaman, Effects of MgO and Al 2O 3 addition on redox state of chromium in CaO-SiO 2-CrO x slag system by XPS method, Metall. Werme, Distribution of vanadium between SiO 2 rich slags and carbon saturated liquid iron, Steel Res., 59(1988), No. ![]() Seetharaman, Activity of VO 1.5 in CaO-SiO 2-MgO-Al 2O 3 slags at low vanadium contents and low oxygen pressures, Steel Res. Seetharaman, Thermodynamic activity of chromium oxide in CaO-SiO 2-MgO-Al 2O 3-CrO x melts, Steel Res. Seetharaman, A thermodynamic approach to a density model for oxide melts, Steel Res. Seetharaman, ThermoSlag-A prediction and evaluation software on thermophysical and thermodynamic properties of molten slags, CSM 2003 Annual Meeting Proceedings, 2003, Beijing, p. Seetharaman, A new method for evaluating some thermophysical properties for ternary system, High Temp. ![]()
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![]() ![]() ![]() 3).ĭetailed and contemporary spatial datasets that accurately describe human population distribution can support the measurement of the impacts of population growth, the monitoring of changes, environmental and health applications, and the planning of interventions 4. There is an 80% probability that the population of the world will be between 8.4 and 8.6 billion in 2030, between 9.4 and 10 billion in 2050 and between 10 and 12.5 billion in 2100 (ref. The United Nations (UN) expects that continued population growth is almost inevitable until 2050, even if the current decline of global fertility accelerates. Continuing population growth and urbanization are projected to add 2.5 billion people to the world’s urban population by 2050, with nearly 90% of the increase concentrated in Asia and Africa 2. The global human population is projected to reach 10 billion within 40 years 1. The archive can be downloaded both from the WorldPop Dataverse Repository and the WorldPop Project website. Datasets and production methodology are here described. Further layers include transport networks, landcover, nightlights, precipitation, travel time to major cities, and waterways. Four tiled raster datasets form the basis of the archive: (i) Viewfinder Panoramas topography clipped to Global ADMinistrative area (GADM) coastlines (ii) a matching ISO 3166 country identification grid (iii) country area (iv) and slope layer. To this end the WorldPop Project has produced an open access archive of 3 and 30 arc-second resolution gridded data. Such datasets are vital to measure impacts of population growth, monitor change, and plan interventions. The specifications of such data differ widely and therefore the harmonisation of data layers is a prerequisite to constructing detailed and contemporary spatial datasets which accurately describe population distributions. "Google Geo Developers Blog: Build on top of your public Latitude location with GeoJSON & KML".Recent years have seen substantial growth in openly available satellite and other geospatial data layers, which represent a range of metrics relevant to global human population mapping at fine spatial scales. "Geoweb Guru: Technical Overview: GeoJSON".Andrews, Christopher (18 September 2007).^ "The GeoJSON March 2007 Archive by thread".^ a b Butler, Howard Daly, Martin Doyle, Allan Gillies, Sean Hagen, Stefan Schaub, Tim (August 2016).In April 2015 the Internet Engineering Task Force has founded the Geographic JSON working group which released GeoJSON as RFC 7946 in August 2016. The GeoJSON format working group and discussion were begun in March 2007 and the format specification was finalized in June 2008. Ī notable offspring of GeoJSON is TopoJSON, an extension of GeoJSON that encodes geospatial topology and that typically provides smaller file sizes. The GeoJSON format differs from other GIS standards in that it was written and is maintained not by a formal standards organization, but by an Internet working group of developers. GeoJSON features need not represent entities of the physical world only mobile routing and navigation apps, for example, might describe their service coverage using GeoJSON. The features include points (therefore addresses and locations), line strings (therefore streets, highways and boundaries), polygons (countries, provinces, tracts of land), and multi-part collections of these types. GeoJSON is an open standard format designed for representing simple geographical features, along with their non-spatial attributes. JSON subset for geospatial data GeoJSON Filename extensions ![]() ![]() ![]() You can easily mark a location on the iPhone Maps app and then share it with another person, giving them the exact location, by using the iPhone Maps app. By marking this location, it allows others to easily find and enjoy it as well. This could be a place of historical importance, a natural wonder, or a simply a beautiful spot. There is a marked location on my maps because it is a place of special interest. Why Is There A Marked Location On My Maps ![]() If the person you’re sharing with is using Android or Windows, Google Maps is the best option. There are only a few Apple users who can access more than a static web page. Contacts and the support service are all available on your iPhone, along with all of the other options available. Tap the More (…) button if you want to share a pin then tap the Share pin if you want to pin a pin. The rest of the pin interface, like the steps above, is identical. If you only want to mark your current position, select Mark My Location. To pin a location, tap and hold the location in Apple Maps. There is a reason why pinnable locations are important in any navigation app. You can access the Saved Locations list by tapping the magnifying glass at the top of the page. ![]() You can find a list of your saved locations here. To manage your dropped pins on your mobile device, click the Menu icon in the upper left corner, then select Saved locations from the drop-down menu. How To Find Pinned Locations On Apple Maps Another way is to right-click on the location and then select the “add a marker” option from the menu that appears. One way is to simply click on the location that you want to mark and then click the “add a marker” button that appears. Credit: There are a few different ways that you can mark location on Google Maps. ![]() ![]() ![]() On working with Bill Murray in Groundhog Day But after Sex, Lies, and Videotape, I became a well-known actress and people perceived me as an actress, finally, and it made money. On how the 1989 Steven Soderbergh film Sex, Lies, and Videotape changed her lifeīefore Sex, Lies, and Videotape, nobody took me seriously. I spent money, good money, good coaching. It was just too mortifying for that to be me, that that was my story. I had to make it because I couldn't leave it like that. It was all unbeknownst to me, and it was really a hard thing to get out of, to move beyond that. No one ever said, "We don't like the way you sound." No one was ever clear or straightforward. On being devastated when her voice was completely dubbed in her first film, 1984's Greystoke That was the repercussion of that experience. It's not like that pass-out-on-the-floor kind of drunk. I told, I said, "They said you're going to be dead in five years," and she quit drinking alcohol she just drank wine, which I think it did make a difference. So we drove her home and I remember we got a speeding ticket on the way home. We just couldn't do it, so we didn't do it. and a doctor came down to the car and told us, "If you do not commit her today, she'll be dead in five years." But to commit her to a state institution? I don't know. Someone gave her a little bit of Valium, which I think was a huge mistake because I couldn't communicate with her when we got to the place and we just couldn't get her out of the car. ![]() I called everybody and said, "I can't leave her like this. I did an intervention for my mother when I was in the 12th grade, a failed intervention, unfortunately, but it was an intervention. On trying to do an intervention for her mother She never took a puff off of it, and then she'd have another one burning and another one burning, and there were burnt holes all in the couch and on the linoleum floor, there were marks, burn marks, all on the floor. She would have a cigarette in the ashtray and the ashes would just be completely burnt. And every night, I would get up to go and check that the cigarettes were not burning. she would pass out on the floor and I would put a pillow under her head and put a blanket on her. And I think that's how that's how she dealt with it. And she didn't really drink before she had the shock treatments, but she became an alcoholic afterwards. Back then, it was something that you hid, especially in a small town. It was like they would send women off and they were "cured.". She wasn't on medication and she didn't get any therapy because they just did things like that back then. But they gave her shock treatments, and she was sent away for about three months to a place in Asheville, N.C. It was shortly after I was born, so it could have been hormones involved. I think a lot of times people do these diagnoses because maybe they're having a psychotic event, but back then - this was in 1958 or '59 - I don't even know exactly. When I pulled it up in a bun, all you could see was the salt and pepper, which is what I am, you know, dark and silver,” she recalled.On her own mother's mental health disorder “At the very beginning of quarantine, my hair started growing and every time my kids would see me, they kept telling me I looked badass with my gray hair. MacDowell said that the seed for the style switch-up was planted during the pandemic, when she was social distancing at home with her family. And in a lot of ways, I think it’s more striking on my face. I feel like I’m embracing right where I am. “Once I did it, it was just so clear to me that my instincts were right because I’ve never felt more powerful,” she shared. I always wanted to be salt and pepper!”īecause she “didn’t want anybody to be upset,” the actress continued, she even spent some time trying to figure out how she could disguise her graying hair with wigs “to please people.”īut in the end, she decided to simply follow her gut and embrace her silver strands, telling her team it was a “power move.” Andie MacDowell tied her silver strands back in a ponytail at the Cannes premiere of “Tout S’est Bien Passe (Everything Went Fine).” WireImage If I don’t do it now, I won’t have the chance to be salt and pepper. It’s time because in two years I’m going to be 65. “And I said, ‘I think you’re wrong, and I’m going to be more powerful if I embrace where I am right now. ![]() “My managers had actually said to me, ‘It’s not time ,'” MacDowell told Vogue. Andie MacDowell says she’s ‘happier’ with gray hairĪt the Cannes Film Festival premiere of “Annette” earlier this month, all eyes were on Andie MacDowell and her gorgeous new gray curls.īut believe it or not, the 63-year-old “Groundhog Day” star encountered pushback from her team before the headline-making hair transformation. ![]() ![]() ![]() New expression search technology: it detects any point in a sequence with great speed.Capture video from all kinds of sources.Professional real-time video editing and mounting software.Comes integrated with Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator to bring your creative ideas to life.Offers high processing functions with greater accuracy and smoothness. ![]() ![]() Very helpful for producers and filmmakers to easily edit their footage without losing quality.Create original video content for film, broadcast, web, and more.If you cannot understand this pattern, then you can ask inside the comments section, and we will try to help you solve your problem. This is how you can install this file and I hope this is not so much difficult. After all of these enjoy the Latest Version of 2022.After downloading Unpack or extracting the RAR file and open setup (use Winrar to extract).Uninstall the previous version by using IObit Uninstaller Pro.First, download Adobe Premiere Pro full version, by using torrent software.Installing this file is very easy, but you have to understand it carefully otherwise you will not be able to install this file. Use Bit Torrent because it is the best software to get Torrent files. This is a torrent file, so it is necessary to install Torrent Software on your computer before downloading this file. It allows users to create original video content for film, broadcast, web, and more. It is a powerful and comprehensive application with advanced tools, features, and modules. It includes different effects, editing options, and settings, various supported video formats, and more to provide an easy and reliable editing environment. The program also includes stereoscopic 3D editing, auto color adjustment, and audio keyframing features which help you create amazing videos from social to the big screen. Adobe Premiere Pro 2022 is an advanced and outstanding graphics editing application software that allows you to develop your own creativity and create unique, rich, and original content. ![]() ![]() ![]() It’s thought the mum had gone inside to give birth to her baby and then become trapped as it got continually filled with more and more cardboard. Staff from wholesaler Makro on the Britonwood Trading Estate in Hornhouse Lane, Liverpool, Merseyside, called in the animal welfare charity after hearing meowing noises coming from inside the container. Stay up-to-date with BIFF 2019 news, screenings and events by subscribing to the BIFF eNewsletter at and follow BIFF on social media #BIFFest2019.PEEK-A-BOO: Biff after his extraordinary rescue (Image credit:RSPCA)Īn operation to save a kitten and his mum, who survived being crushed in a recycling container full of cardboard, has been described as one of the most ‘extraordinary’ rescues an RSPCA officer has taken part in. ‘We’re particularly excited that BIFF 2019 is receiving the support of Baz Luhrmann and Catherine Martin, the powerhouse creative duo whose untitled Elvis project will soon begin filming on the Gold Coast, and which is expected to employ 900 Queenslanders and inject more than $105 million into the local economy.’ ‘The Queensland Government and Screen Queensland are proud supporters of BIFF 2019 and we see this as a fantastic opportunity for Queenslanders to immerse themselves in the powerful art of cinema for an unmissable 11 days,’ Ms Palaszczuk said. Queensland Premier Annastacia Palaszczuk said BIFF 2019 was a major highlight in the state’s calendar of must-do arts and cultural events. ![]() ‘Different aspects of the Festival will unpack the creative process, trace new directions in filmmaking, amplify the importance of sound in film and celebrate screen culture in its growing multitude of forms, from silent cinema to artificial intelligence,’ Ms Slack-Smith said. ‘BIFF 2019 celebrates creativity in all its forms and includes film accompanied by both live music and food, workshops, conversations and panel discussions, the inaugural Short Film Awards and the GOMA exhibition ‘Setting the Stage’. ‘We are delighted to partner with Dendy Cinemas Coorparoo, The Elizabeth Picture Theatre and New Farm Cinemas, Reading Cinemas Newmarket and the State Library of Queensland to screen more than 100 award-winning new releases, shorts and documentary films from around the globe,’ Ms Slack-Smith said. These cinematic spectacles include the new definitive cut of Francis Ford Coppola’s Apocalypse Now 1979, Federico Fellini’s classic 8½ 1963 and Sergei Bondarchuk’s recently restored seven-hour epic War and Peace 1966.Īmanda Slack-Smith, the Festival’s Artistic Director and Curatorial Manager of QAGOMA’s Australian Cinémathèque, said BIFF 2019 would be presented at GOMA and city-wide venues, and the complete Festival program would be live with tickets on sale from 22 August. Over 11 days, other highlights will include Pedro Almodóvar’s Pain and Glory, for which Antonio Banderas won the Cannes Best Actor award The Souvenir, Joanna Hogg’s reflective mother-daughter relationship drama starring Honor Swinton Byrne and Tilda Swinton and Jim Jarmusch’s star-studded zombie outing The Dead Don’t Die.Īdditionally, BIFF 2019 will include a selection of Baz Luhrmann and Catherine Martin’s much-loved, visually sumptuous films, such as Strictly Ballroom 1992 and Moulin Rouge! 2001, and Luhrmann has hand-picked some of his favourite films to screen. With their extensive international presence, we are honoured to have their patronage for the Festival this year,’ Mr Saines said.īIFF 2019 will open on Thursday 3 October at GOMA with the Queensland premiere of Judy & Punch, the much talked about debut feature from Australian director and actor Mirrah Foulkes. ![]() ‘Together this creative Australian couple have brought to the world a spectacle of opulence and lavish melodrama seldom seen in Australian cinema. QAGOMA Director Chris Saines said the Gallery was thrilled Luhrmann and Martin were on board as patrons of BIFF 2019. The patrons of this year’s Festival are Academy Award-nominated writer, director, and producer Baz Luhrmann and his collaborator of over 30 years, Academy Award-winning costume and production designer Catherine Martin. The Queensland Art Gallery | Gallery of Modern Art (QAGOMA) is proud to present the 2019 Brisbane International Film Festival (BIFF) from 3 to 13 October. ![]() ![]() At that point, the Murdaugh name was quite powerful. Yet, not only were detectives unable to confirm these reports or tie Buster to Stephen’s homicide, but they also could never reach him for questioning. While some implied that they were close friends, others alleged they may have been in a secret relationship, with the latter wanting them to be public since he was openly gay. Moreover, in 2015, rumors had tied Buster to 19-year-old Stephen Smith, whose remains were recovered from the middle of a road in Hampton County in mid-summer. Plus, in a twisted turn of events, Alex is now facing murder charges in connection to his wife and younger son’s demise. It’s also imperative to note that according to the Netflix original, the father-son duo was so close it often made Paul believe he was a disappointment to his parents. Buster actually attended the University of South Carolina School of Law, but reports claim he was kicked out for plagiarism in the Spring of 2019. Even before that, though, it seems like he and his father were pretty close, especially as he had followed in his footsteps and gone on to study law to join the family business. ![]() After all, his mother Maggie and younger brother Paul were tragically shot to death in their Moselle estate in early June 2021. Buster is the eldest - and now only - son of the once-renowned attorney Alex Murdaugh. ![]() ![]() ![]() The EOS R’s OLED electronic viewfinder is also, on paper, up there with its Nikon and Sony equivalents, with a 3.69 million dot resolution. Unlike the screens on its rivals, though, this one fully articulates around to the front rather than just up and down, which is a real boon for vloggers and video in particular. In terms of its display, the EOS R has a 3.15-inch LCD with 2.1 million dots, which pretty comparable to the ones on Nikon’s Z Series. ![]() Canon also claims that the EOS R has low light autofocusing down to -6EV, which is extremely dark and could be another big advantage over its rivals at this price point. Naturally for a Canon camera, it’s a Dual Pixel CMOS AF system with phase-detect autofocus, but it also has a staggering 5,655 selectable AF points.īy comparison, most of its rivals, including Nikon’s Z Series, only offer autofocus points that number in the hundreds. ![]() Canon EOS R specs and features: what specs does the Canon EOS R have?īesides the EOS R’s 30.3-megapixel full-frame sensor, the most impressive feature is potentially its autofocus system – which Canon claims is the world’s fastest. It’s also significantly smaller in all directions, measuring 135.8 x 98.3 x 67.7mm compared to 150.7 x 116.4 x 75.9mm for its DSLR equivalent. The EOS R weighs in at 580g compared to 900g for the latter. Size-wise, it’s a fair chunk lighter than its closest sibling in Canon’s DSLR lineup, the 5D Mark IV. One other interesting feature on the back is a sliding control bar, which responds to swipes and can be customised to control features like shutter speed. And like Nikon’s Z series, there’s also a mini display on the top plate for quickly checking your camera settings. On the back of the EOS R there’s an articulating screen that swings around to the front. Like Nikon’s Z Series, the Canon EOS R has a ‘slim DSLR’ look to help endear it to those who are potentially looking to upgrade to it from an APS-C DSLR. Related: Nikon Z6 vs Nikon Z7: what’s the difference? Canon EOS R design: what does the Canon EOS R look like? You’ll also be able to buy the EF-EOS R adaptor for existing lenses for £99.99, which is pretty reasonable compared to the £269 cost of Nikon’s FTZ adaptor. On its own, that kit lens will cost £1,119, while the 50mm f/1.2 prime lens will be available for £2,349.99. You’ll also be able to buy the EOS R body with the mount adapter and 24-105mm f/4 kit lens for £3,269.99. ![]() That’s slightly more than the Nikon Z6, with its equivalent bundle costing £2,199, although the Z6 only has a 24.5-megapixel sensor. The EOS R body and EF-EOS mount adapter will cost £2,349.99. You’ll be able to buy in two different bundles. The Canon EOS R will be available to pre-order from 12th September 2018 and will hit shelves from 9th October 2018. Related: Mirrorless vs DSLR: what’s the difference? Canon EOS R price and release date: when will the Canon EOS R come out? It’s a significant moment for mirrorless cameras, with Nikon and Canon now fully throwing their weight behind a tech that dispenses with the DSLR’s internal ‘mirror’ and embraces a fully electronic form of shooting that brings lots of advantages.īut how does the EOS R and its four new lenses measure up against its Sony and Nikon rivals? Here’s everything you need to know. In a similar move to Nikon, Canon has also made its new RF mount compatible with existing EF and EF-S DSLR lenses via a new EF-EOS R adaptor. The heavyweights have truly entered the mirrorless camera ring – just two weeks after Nikon announced its Z Series, Canon has thrown a swift counter with the new EOS R camera and RF lens mount.Ī full-frame camera with a 30.3-megapixel resolution, the EOS R is a slimmed down version of a DSLR like the 5D Mark IV – in other words, a pro-friendly shooter that slots in between Sony’s A7 III and Nikon’s Z7. ![]() ![]() ![]() Save yourself from an unexpected shower with this Lady Hagen womens golf rain jacket. I wish I would have purchased two!” Comes in sizes XS-XXL. Didn’t even realize I had it on when golfing. Women love this fleece jacket, one shares, “It was perfect! Lightweight yet stayed comfortable with the light breeze and sun. The 1/4 zip opening gives you adjustable looks and the side pockets keep your tees from getting lost! It’s not overly thick but is good enough to keep away the chill, without detracting from your swing style. This cute and comfy Puma ladies golf pullover is perfect for a round on a cooler morning. Puma Cloudspun 1/4 Zip Ladies Golf Jacket Shop Sizes XS-XXL: Amazon | Dick’s Sporting Goods TFG have found the best golf jackets for ladies that keep you fashionable and functional on the green-check them out! You’ll also need something to keep you dry if it begins to drizzle too. It’s not as easy just to wear any old coat, as you require your arms to be free to swing. But on your long walk over the fairways, you want to feel comfortable, especially during a cool morning round or when playing in the colder months. Little Donkey Andy Windbreaker Vest WomensĪ great swing is essential for having a below-par round when you’re on the golf course.IBKÜL Cooling Long Sleeve Mock Neck Top.Lady Hagen ¼ – Zip Womens Golf Pullovers.Charles River Ladies Lightweight Waterproof Golf Jackets.Marmot Women’s Hooded Windbreaker Designer Jacket.Nike Womens Windbreaker Jacket RPL Anorak.Columbia Women’s Golf Jacket Waterproof.Cutter & Buck 3/4 – Zip Golf Pullover Windbreaker Womens.Nike Dri Fit UV Victory Full-Zip Golf Jacket.adidas Textured Layer Golf Jacket Women.Lady Hagen Best Women’s Golf Rain Jacket.Puma Cloudspun 1/4 Zip Ladies Golf Jacket. ![]() ![]() The researchers reported that the effects of chromium on the brain may have produced these effects. In an 8-week study, 1,000 μg/day of chromium (in the form of chromium picolinate) reduced food intake, hunger and cravings in healthy overweight women ( 15). Several studies have examined whether chromium picolinate may be useful in this capacity. Most people who have tried to lose weight and keep it off are familiar with feelings of hunger and strong food cravings.Īs a result, many are interested in foods, supplements or medications that could help combat these urges. However, the results have been mixed, and these benefits have not typically been observed in those without diabetes. Summaryįor those with diabetes, chromium supplements may be effective at improving the body’s response to insulin or lowering blood sugar. Overall, some benefits of taking these supplements have been seen in those with diabetes but not in every instance. In fact, a large examination of 425 healthy people found that chromium supplements did not alter sugar or insulin levels ( 14). What’s more, research in obese adults without diabetes found that 1,000 μg/day of chromium picolinate did not improve the body’s response to insulin ( 13). However, other studies of three or more months of chromium supplementation have not shown improved blood sugar in adults with type 2 diabetes ( 12). ![]() Other research has shown that those with higher blood sugar and lower insulin sensitivity may respond better to chromium supplements ( 9, 10).Īdditionally, in a large study of over 62,000 adults, the likelihood of having diabetes was 27% lower in those who took dietary supplements containing chromium ( 11). One study found that 16 weeks of 200 μg/day of chromium was able to lower blood sugar and insulin while improving the body’s response to insulin ( 8). Several studies have indicated that taking chromium supplements can improve blood sugar for those with diabetes ( 7, 8). In people with diabetes, there are problems with the body’s normal response to insulin. In healthy people, the hormone insulin has an important role in signaling the body to bring blood sugar into the cells of the body. Chromium picolinate is the form often found in dietary supplements. It plays a role in the metabolism of nutrients through its impact on the hormone insulin. SummaryĬhromium is a mineral found in low doses in many foods. ![]() For this reason, this type is commonly found in dietary supplements ( 3, 6).Ĭhromium picolinate is the mineral chromium attached to three molecules of picolinic acid ( 3). However, chromium picolinate is an alternate form of chromium that is absorbed better. Interestingly, the absorption of chromium in the intestines is very low, with less than 2.5% of ingested chromium being absorbed ( 1). Insulin, a molecule released by the pancreas, is important in your body’s processing of carbs, fat and protein ( 5). This safe form, trivalent chromium, is typically considered essential, meaning that it must be obtained from the diet.Īlthough some researchers question whether this mineral is truly essential, it does serve several important functions in the body ( 2).įor example, it is part of a molecule called chromodulin, which helps the hormone insulin perform its actions in the body ( 3, 4). ![]() ![]() Although one dangerous form can be found in industrial pollution, a safe form is found naturally in many foods ( 1). Chromium is a mineral that exists in several forms. ![]() |
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